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Transportation :
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Transportation concerns the movement of products from a
source—such as a plant, factory, or work-shop to a destination such as a
warehouse, customer, or retail store. Transportation may take place via air,
water, rail, road, pipeline, or cable routes, using planes, boats, trains,
trucks, and telecommunications equipment as the means of transportation.
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Road Transportation :
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Accessible and ideally suited for transporting goods over short
distances, trucks are the dominant means of shipping in the United States. In
fact, motor carriers account for approximately $120 billion in annual revenue,
much of it due to local shipments (shipments to and from business enterprises in
the same community or local region). This industry sector underwent tremendous
change in the 1990s with the introduction of deregulation measures that removed
most state and federal regulations in the areas of pricing and operating
authority. "With few exceptions, motor carriers are now free to operate wherever
they wish and to charge any rates that are agreeable to the shipper and the
carrier," wrote Hoch, although he noted that trucks are still subject to federal
laws on vehicle specifications and the parameters of the sanctioned truck routes
of the Surface Transportation Assistance Act of 1982.
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